Tous les appartementsInside modern P. hemioliopterus the fresh new associated central side of the head roof is practically totally ornamented from the reticulating ridges and you can pits, having pair if any elongate, synchronous ridges and sulci ( Fig. 4a). About Acre Phractocephalus the newest main side of the head rooftop has some elongate ridges and you may sulci also reticulating ridges and you will pits.
The lateral ethmoid bones off P
2) Mesethmoid limbs very broad ( Desk step 1); dorsal facial skin generally ornamented; anterior border barely emarginate so you're able to softly game ( Fig. 3a).
New mesethmoid limbs regarding P. hemioliopterus is relatively thin-necked, faster generally ornamented just centrally and you will posteriorly, and its anterior boundary is actually emarginate or shallowly concave ( Fig. 4a). nassi.
3) Lateral ethmoid not extreme projecting anteriorly more palatine condyle; the lateral margin convex and removing orbital notch toward margin out-of head roof ( Fig. 3a).
hemioliopterus is additionally perhaps not excessive projecting anteriorly across the olfactory part or palatine condyle; but it's concave laterally, features a well defined orbital sulcus to your margin from skull roof ( Fig. 4a). From the Acre Phractocephalus the fresh lateral ethmoid methods much anteriorly more the samotne rodzice serwisy randkowe za darmo fresh olfactory region and you will palatine condyle; it is convex sideways, getting rid of the new orbital sulcus towards the margin regarding skull rooftop.
Modern P. hemioliopterus has an unbarred prior cranial fontanelle within this a well known anxiety away from epiphyseal area ( Fig. 4a), while regarding Acre Phractocephalus the new fontanelle and you will despair of the epiphyseal region lack.
5) Supraoccipital procedure with rounded lateral and you can posterolateral margins, rear margin concave medially; supraoccipital techniques enough time, into the dorsal evaluate totally layer changed prior vertebrae out of Weberian cutting-edge ( Fig. 3a).
New opercle P
Within the modern P. hemioliopterus the supraoccipital process was brief, for the dorsal view not completely layer modified vertebrae of Weberian advanced; this has angular lateral and you can posterolateral margins, as well as posterior margin try irregular so you can concave medially and you will results an intense unornamented extension lower than anterior nuchal dish ( Fig. 4a). Regarding the Acre Phractocephalus the new supraoccipital techniques are enough time, totally since the Weberian state-of-the-art; the procedure enjoys angular sides and you may straight lateral margins, and its own rear ented expansion below prior nuchal plate.
hemioliopterus was incompletely covered with reticulating ridges and you may pits ( Fig. 5c). The newest opercle is yet unknown regarding the Acre Phractocephalus.
7) Cleithrum with rough ornamentation stretching together ventral edge creating outward pouch or "shoulder" lateral in order to back articulation; bulge of "shoulder" terminating posteriorly, in line with termination regarding articular socket away from pectoral lower back ( Figs. 5e-g).
This new cleithrum off P. hemioliopterus does not have coarse ornamentation collectively ventral side of "neck," plus the horizontal pouch away from "shoulder" terminates posterior concise out-of articular outlet of pectoral lower back ( Figs. 5i, j). Zero cleithrum of the Acre Phractocephalus has been discovered.
8) Pectoral lower back ornamentation ruled because of the rough subparallel ridges and you will sulci, and you will seemingly few reticulating ridges and you may pits ( Fig. 5h).
The pectoral back ornamentation off P. hemioliopterus is controlled of the reticulating ridges and pits ( Fig. 5i). The newest pectoral spine of your own Acre Phractocephalus try yet , not familiar.
Etymology. The fresh new Urumaco species of Phractocephalus is known as to own Dr. Pedro Nass for the identification away from his efforts to the systematics and morphology out-of pimelodid catfishes out-of South america.
Malfunction. Get a hold of Lundberg ainsi que al. (1988) getting dysfunction out of neurocranium (MCN.USB 72-85 PB) and extra measurements. The second info is provided by the fresh holotype and you can has just gotten specimens.
Neurocranium, dorsal element ( Fig. 3a). Description brand of head around rectangular, thickness around the horizontal ethmoids comparable to thickness across the sphenotics, and these widths slightly less than restriction thickness round the pterotic wings; depth across the pterotics contains 2.twenty-five minutes from inside the (45% of) dorsal skull duration from mesethmoid tip in order to posterior side of supraoccipital processes. Skin mainly flat but margins rounded somewhat downward and you can dorsal midline much more arched posteriorly. All the bones ornamented having coarse reticulating ridges and you may circular pits and some longitudinally elongate ridges and grooves, except for olfactory medicine and you may extremities away from mesethmoid cornua.
